WASHINGTON, May 13 (Reuters) - U.S. consumer prices rebounded moderately in April, but inflation is likely to pick up in the coming months as tariffs boost the cost of imported goods. 华盛顿 5 月 13 日（路透社）——美国 4 月份消费者价格温和反弹，但由于关税推高进口商品成本，未来几个月通胀可能会回升。 The consumer price index CPI increased 0.2% last month after dipping 0.1% in March, which was the first decline since May 2020, the Labor Department's Bureau of Labor Statistics said on Tuesday. Economists polled by Reuters had forecast the CPI would rise 0.3%. In the 12 months through April, the CPI climbed 2.3% after advancing by 2.4% in the 12 months through March. 美国劳工部劳工统计局周二公布，消费者价格指数（CPI）上月上涨 0.2%，3 月下降 0.1%，为 2020 年 5 月以来首次下降。路透社调查的经济学家此前预测 CPI 将上涨 0.3%。截至 4 月的 12 个月里，CPI 上涨了 2.3%，而截至 3 月的 12 个月里，CPI 上涨了 2.4%。 Excluding the volatile food and energy components, the CPI rose 0.2% last month after gaining 0.1% in March. The so-called core CPI inflation increased 2.8% on a year-on-year basis in April after rising 2.8% in March. 扣除波动较大的食品和能源成分，美国 4 月 CPI 上涨 0.2%，3 月为上涨 0.1%。4 月核心 CPI 同比上涨 2.8%，3 月为上涨 2.8%。 The data likely only captures tariffs, including a doubling of fentanyl-related taxes on all Chinese imports to 20% and a 25% levy on imported cars and light trucks, imposed before President Donald Trump's April 2 "Liberation Day" announcement. 这些数据可能仅涵盖关税，包括对所有中国进口商品的芬太尼相关税增加一倍至 20%，以及对进口汽车和轻型卡车征收 25% 的税，这些关税是在唐纳德· 特朗普总统 4 月 2 日宣布“解放日”之前征收的。 While Trump in April paused for 90 days most of his country-specific tariffs, a 10% blanket duty on almost all imports remained in place. Economists said they expected the hit from the tariffs on prices to start showing up significantly beginning with May's CPI report. 虽然特朗普在 4 月份暂停了大部分针对特定国家的关税 ，为期 90 天，但几乎所有进口产品仍维持 10%的统一关税。经济学家表示，他们预计关税对价格的影响将从 5 月份的消费者物价指数报告开始显著显现。 The U.S. and China took a major step towards de-escalating their trade war over the weekend, with Washington agreeing to slash duties on Chinese goods to 30% for the next 90 days. Tariffs on U.S. goods imported into China would decline to 10% from 125%. 上周末，中美两国朝着缓和贸易战迈出了重要一步，华盛顿同意在未来 90 天内将中国输美商品的关税降至 30%。中国对美国商品的进口关税将从 125%降至 10%。 Economists still expect inflation to rise this year because of tariffs, but probably not as sharply as they had anticipated before the 90-day truce between the world's two largest economies, allowing the Federal Reserve to maintain its wait-and-see stance. They also see the easing of trade tensions to help the U.S. economy to avert a recession, though growth was likely to be sluggish this year. 经济学家仍预计，由于关税，今年通胀将上升，但可能不会像世界两大经济体签署90天贸易休战协议前预期的那样大幅上升，这使得美联储得以维持观望立场。他们还认为，贸易紧张局势的缓解将有助于美国经济避免衰退，尽管今年经济增长可能依然疲软。 "Inflation will likely rise to a lesser degree, peaking at around 3.4% year-over-year in the fourth quarter this year instead of our prior forecast of 4%," said Kathy Bostjancic, chief economist at Nationwide. "Economic growth still slows since tariff rates will be higher than before President Trump took office." Nationwide 首席经济学家凯西·博斯蒂安契奇（Kathy Bostjancic）表示：“通胀率的上升幅度可能会有所减缓，今年第四季度的同比涨幅将达到 3.4%左右的峰值，而非我们之前预测的 4%。由于关税税率将高于特朗普总统上任前，经济增长仍将放缓。” The Fed has a 2% inflation target. U.S. duties are looming on pharmaceutical products and semiconductors. Trump sees tariffs as a tool to raise revenue to offset his promised tax cuts and to revive a long-declining U.S. industrial base. 美联储的通胀目标为2%。美国即将对医药产品和半导体征收关税。特朗普将关税视为增加收入的工具，以抵消其承诺的减税效应，并重振长期衰退的美国工业基础。 The Fed last week kept its benchmark overnight interest rate unchanged in the 4.25%-4.50% range. Financial markets expect the central bank to resume its policy easing in September. 美联储上周维持基准隔夜利率在 4.25%-4.50%区间不变，金融市场预期央行将在 9 月重启政策宽松。